What is a use case in business analysis?

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A Business Analyst (BA) is the bridge between the business side and the technical side, making sure both groups understand each other and stay aligned. Clear communication is the BA’s superpower, and here’s how they make it happen:

A Business Analyst (BA) plays a critical role in supporting testing and quality assurance (QA) throughout the software development lifecycle. Their involvement helps ensure that the product meets business requirements, user expectations, and quality standards. Here’s how a Business Analyst can support testing and QA 

A use case in business analysis is a detailed description of how a user (or system) interacts with a system to achieve a specific goal. It helps define functional requirements by capturing real-world scenarios from the user’s perspective, making it easier to design systems that meet business needs.


🧾 Key Components of a Use Case:

  1. Actor
    – The person, system, or role that interacts with the system (e.g., customer, admin).

  2. System
    – The application or process being developed or analyzed.

  3. Goal
    – What the actor wants to accomplish (e.g., place an order, generate a report).

  4. Main Flow (Basic Path)
    – Step-by-step sequence of interactions between actor and system under normal conditions.

  5. Alternate Flows (Alternative Paths)
    – Optional paths that occur under certain conditions (e.g., payment fails).

  6. Exceptions
    – Error conditions or problems that disrupt the main flow (e.g., invalid login).


📌 Example of a Simple Use Case:

Title: User logs into the system
Actor: Registered user
Main Flow:

  1. User enters username and password.

  2. System verifies credentials.

  3. System grants access to dashboard.

Alternate Flow:
– If password is incorrect, system prompts user to retry.

Exception:
– After 3 failed attempts, account is locked.


Why Use Cases Are Important:

  • Help clarify system functionality from a user’s point of view.

  • Aid developers, testers, and stakeholders in understanding how the system should behave.

  • Form the basis for creating test cases and UI designs.


In summary, a use case is a practical and user-centered tool in business analysis used to describe what a system should do to support a business process or goal.

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