How does a Business Analyst prioritize requirements?

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A Business Analyst (BA) prioritizes requirements to ensure that the most valuable, feasible, and time-sensitive needs are addressed first in a project. Prioritization helps manage scope, resources, and timelines effectively. Here's how a BA typically does it:

1. Understand the Business Value

  • Ask: Which requirements deliver the most business value?

  • Work with stakeholders to determine which features or functions support key goals, such as increasing revenue, reducing costs, or improving customer experience.

2. Stakeholder Analysis

  • Identify and engage with key stakeholders to understand their perspectives.

  • Different stakeholders may have conflicting priorities — part of the BA's role is to negotiate and balance those needs.

3. Use Prioritization Techniques

Several common frameworks help structure prioritization:

MoSCoW Method

  • Must Have – Essential for system success.

  • Should Have – Important but not vital.

  • Could Have – Nice to have if time/resources allow.

  • Won’t Have (Now) – Not a priority for current scope.

Kano Model

  • Classifies features based on customer satisfaction:

    • Basic Needs – Must be there.

    • Performance Needs – More is better.

    • Delighters – Unexpected features that wow users.

Value vs. Effort Matrix

  • Plot requirements on a grid to visualize high-value, low-effort features to prioritize first.

100-Dollar Test / Dot Voting

  • Stakeholders distribute a fixed amount of points or dollars across requirements to indicate importance.

4. Consider Dependencies

  • Some requirements may depend on others. A lower-priority item might need to be done earlier because it's a prerequisite for a higher-priority one.

5. Assess Risk and Complexity

  • Requirements with high risk or technical complexity may need earlier attention to mitigate surprises later.

6. Time Sensitivity / Regulatory Requirements

  • Some features may have hard deadlines (e.g., regulatory compliance), pushing them higher up the list regardless of perceived value.

7. Revisit and Adjust

  • Prioritization isn’t one-and-done. Revisit regularly as new information emerges or project conditions change.


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